Manure contains rich organic matter and various nutrients required by crops.
Animal manure, such as pig manure, cow manure, chicken manure, and sheep manure, can be effectively converted into organic fertilizer and become an important source of fertilizer in agricultural production.
Their fermentation effects have their characteristics, as follows:
Fermentation effect: Chicken manure has a high nitrogen content, usually between 3% and 5%, and is rich in phosphorus and potassium, which is suitable for rapid fermentation. Due to its small particles and high moisture content, chicken manure can be quickly decomposed during the fermentation process, and the heat generated is also high, which helps to kill pathogens and weed seeds.
Advantages: Fast fermentation speed, rich nutrients, suitable for fertilizing vegetables and fruit trees.
Fermentation effect: The nitrogen content of pig manure is moderate, usually between 0.5% and 1.5%, and the fermentation process takes a long time, but its organic matter content is high, which can improve soil structure.
Advantages: It can provide more comprehensive nutrition after fermentation, suitable for field crops and cash crops.
Fermentation effect: Cow dung has a low nitrogen content, usually between 0.5% and 1%, and the fermentation speed is relatively slow, but its high cellulose content helps improve soil aeration and water retention.
Advantages: Suitable for soil improvement, long-term application can improve soil fertility.
Fermentation effect: Sheep dung has a moderate nitrogen content, usually between 1% and 2%, and the fermentation speed is fast, and it contains rich organic matter.
Advantages: Suitable for various crops, especially for soil improvement.
Fermentation speed: chicken manure > sheep manure > pig manure > cow dung
Nutritional content: Chicken manure is the richest, followed by sheep manure, while pig manure and cow dung are relatively low.
Soil improvement: Cow dung and pig manure improve soil structure.
Suppose the fermentation effect and nutrient content are considered. In that case, chicken manure is generally considered to be the best choice for the fermentation effect, especially suitable for rapid fertilization and increasing crop yields. However, the specific choice should also be determined according to actual conditions, crop needs, and soil conditions.
Equipment for converting animal manure into organic fertilizer
1. Collection and storage
Equipment:
Manure collector: used to collect fresh animal manure on the farm.
Storage tank or storage pool: used to temporarily store collected manure to avoid direct exposure to sunlight.
2. Preliminary treatment
Equipment:
Dehydrator: used to remove excess water from manure, usually using a centrifugal dehydrator or filter press.
Mixer: Mix manure with other organic materials (such as straw, grass clippings, etc.) to improve the carbon-nitrogen ratio and promote the activity of microorganisms.
3. Fermentation
Equipment:
Compost turner: used to turn the compost pile to maintain good ventilation and promote the reproduction of aerobic microorganisms.
Compost fermentation box: closed fermentation equipment that can control temperature and humidity and improve fermentation efficiency.
4. Maturation and screening
Equipment:
Sieving machine: used to screen mature organic fertilizer, remove incompletely decomposed materials, and ensure the uniformity and quality of fertilizer.
Crusher: If necessary, a crusher can be used to further crush larger particles to increase the fineness of the fertilizer.
5. Packaging and storage
Equipment:
Automatic packaging machine: used to automatically package finished organic fertilizer for easy transportation and sales.
Storage silo: used to store finished organic fertilizer, usually need to maintain a dry and cool environment.
Through the above steps and equipment, animal manure such as pig manure, cow manure, chicken manure and sheep manure can be effectively converted into organic fertilizer. This process not only improves the utilization rate of fertilizer but also reduces environmental pollution and promotes the development of sustainable agriculture.
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